Grade 2 Titanium Tube (UNS R50400 / Werkstoff WS 3.7034)
This is the most often used titanium tube for industrial applications, providing a superb balance of moderate strength and reasonable ductility. It offers excellent corrosion resistance in both highly oxidising and slightly reducing conditions (including chlorides). It provides exceptional corrosion protection in the chemical and offshore industries, as well as aircraft manufacture, where strength and ease of forming are critical. It's also utilized in heat exchangers, hypochlorite systems, fire water systems, ballast water systems, industrial and aerospace components, CPI equipment, and pipes.
Fabrication
Titanium Grade 2 responds excellently to cold forming using standard methods. It can be readily machined, but meticulous attention must be paid to maintaining sharp tools and the liberal use of coolant. As with machining austenitic stainless steels, cuts should be deep and continuous with slow feeds and speeds.
Stock Availability
Daxun Alloys stocks CP 2 Grade Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipes in a variety of sizes.
Weight Reduction
CP 2 grade titanium tubes have low density and a high strength-to-weight ratio, making them ideal for applications where weight reduction is crucial without sacrificing overall strength. They are cold formable, have excellent ductility, and can be welded using conventional TIG and MIG processes, although inert gas shielding is required to prevent embrittlement of the weld zone.
Crystal Structure
At room temperature, ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium tube exhibits an alpha (hexagonal close-packed) crystal structure, similar to commercially pure titanium grades 1 and 3. At approximately 885°C [1625°F], it transforms to a beta (body-centered cubic) structure. This transformation temperature can be altered depending on the type and amount of impurities or alloying additions. The inclusion of alloying elements also divides the single temperature of the equilibrium transformation into two temperature zones: the alpha transformation zone, below which the alloy is all alpha, and the beta transformation zone, above which the alloy is all beta. Between these two temperatures, both alpha and beta forms coexist. Typical alpha and beta transformation temperatures for grade 2 titanium are 890°C (1635°F) and 913°C (1675°F), respectively.
Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium seamless tubes are manufactured from hollow blanks through a hot extrusion process or an oblique rolling and piercing process, followed by multiple cold rolling processes. Titanium seamless tubes should have continuous perimeters at all stages of the manufacturing operation. The de novo manufacturing process includes: sponge titanium vacuum arc melting, ingot blanking to obtain hollow blanks, cleaning, cutting and feeding, hot extrusion or oblique rolling + piercing, degreasing, drying, cutting, online annealing and straightening, pickling, multiple cold rolling, degreasing, drying, vacuum annealing, straightening, cutting, pickling, final inspection, marking (DAXUN), and packaging.
Grade 2 Titanium Welded Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium welded pipes are produced from annealed flat-rolled steel plate or steel strip using an automatic arc welding (TIG) process. The main production processes include: uncoiling titanium plate, shearing, butt welding, cleaning, pipe forming, TIG welding, eddy current testing, pre-sizing, annealing, precision reducing and sizing, straightening, eddy current testing, caliper marking, cutting, ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, final inspection, and packaging. Welded pipes undergo at least one stress relief heat treatment after forming and welding. Daxun does not use any filler materials during the welding process.
Grade 2 Titanium Tube (UNS R50400 / Werkstoff WS 3.7034) This titanium tube stands as the industry's go-to choice for its unparalleled balance of moderate strength and impressive ductility. Engineered for top-tier performance, it provides outstanding corrosion resistance in both highly oxidizing and mildly reducing environments, including those with chlorides. This makes it a prime candidate for chemical and offshore applications, as well as aircraft manufacturing-where strength and formability are paramount. It's also extensively used in heat exchangers, hypochlorite systems, fire water systems, ballast water systems, industrial and aerospace components, CPI equipment, and various piping applications.
Fabrication
Titanium Grade 2 is exceptionally responsive to cold forming using standard methods. While it can be easily machined, it demands meticulous attention to tool sharpness and liberal coolant usage. Similar to machining austenitic stainless steels, operations should involve deep, continuous cuts with slow feeds and speeds to ensure precision and longevity.
Stock Availability
Daxun Alloys proudly stocks CP 2 Grade Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipes in an extensive range of sizes to meet diverse requirements.
Weight Reduction
CP 2 grade titanium tubes are renowned for their low density and high strength-to-weight ratio, making them ideal for applications necessitating weight reduction without compromising strength. These tubes are cold formable, exhibit excellent ductility, and can be welded using standard TIG and MIG processes. However, inert gas shielding is essential to prevent weld zone embrittlement.
Crystal Structure
At ambient temperatures, ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium tubes boast an alpha (hexagonal close-packed) crystal structure, akin to commercially pure titanium grades 1 and 3. At approximately 885°C (1625°F), they transition to a beta (body-centered cubic) structure. This transformation temperature can vary based on the impurities or alloying elements present. Alloying additions further segment the equilibrium transformation into two temperature zones: the alpha transformation zone, below which the alloy remains all alpha, and the beta transformation zone, above which the alloy is entirely beta. Between these zones, both alpha and beta forms coexist. For Grade 2 titanium, typical alpha and beta transformation temperatures are around 890°C (1635°F) and 913°C (1675°F), respectively.
Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium seamless tubes are meticulously crafted from hollow blanks through either hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing processes, followed by multiple cold rolling stages. The tube manufacturing process ensures continuous perimeters at every stage. Comprehensive steps include: sponge titanium vacuum arc melting, ingot blanking to form hollow blanks, cleaning, cutting and feeding, hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing, degreasing, drying, cutting, online annealing and straightening, pickling, multiple cold rolling stages, degreasing, drying, vacuum annealing, straightening, cutting, pickling, final inspection, marking (DAXUN), and packaging.
Grade 2 Titanium Welded Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium welded pipe is manufactured from annealed flat-rolled plate or steel strip using an automatic arc welding (TIG) process. Key production stages include: titanium plate uncoiling, shearing, butt welding, cleaning, pipe forming, TIG welding, eddy current testing, pre-sizing, annealing, precision reducing and sizing, straightening, eddy current testing, caliper marking, cutting, ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, final inspection, and packaging. Welded pipes undergo at least one stress relief heat treatment post-forming and welding. Daxun ensures no filler materials are used during the welding process.
Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Pipe - Grade 5 Titanium TubeTitanium Alloy - (UNS R56400)
Introduction
DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 (UNS R56400) stands as the most favored titanium alloy in the industry. This superior duplex alpha+beta titanium alloy utilizes aluminum as the alpha stabilizer and vanadium as the beta stabilizer, demonstrating exceptional high-strength characteristics. It is highly versatile, being capable of functioning at low temperatures around 800°F (427°C). The ATI Ti-6Al-4V, Grade 5 alloy excels in processes such as annealing, solution treating, and aging. Its extensive application range includes compressor blades, disks, and rings for jet engines, components for fuselages and space capsules, pressure vessels, *** cases, helicopter rotor hubs, fasteners, and other critical forgings which demand a high strength-to-weight ratio.
The alloy's production begins with initial melting through advanced methods such as vacuum arc (VAR), electron beam (EB), or plasma arc hearth melting (PAM). The remelting process is meticulously carried out in one or two vacuum arc steps, ensuring impeccable quality and consistency.
Specifications
• ASTE B338 - Standard Heat Treatable Titanium Tube
• AMS 4928 - Forgings and Forging Stock (Annealed)
• AMS 4965 - Forgings (Solution Treated and Aged)
• AMS 4967 - Forgings (Annealed, Heat Treatable)
Physical PropertiesTi-6Al-4V Titanium Tube boasts a Melting Range of 2,800-3,000°F (1,538 - 1,649°C), providing substantial thermal endurance.
Density: 0.160 lb/in³; 4.47 g/cm³, making it both lightweight and robust.
Beta Transus Temperature: 1830°F (± 25°); 999°C (± 14°), critical for phase transformation.
Heat Treatment When optimal hardness, tensile strength, and fatigue strength are essential, the alloy is annealed at 1,700-1,900°F (927 - 1,038°C).
DAXUN 6-4 Grade 5 Titanium Tube offers diverse heat treatment options to meet specific requirements.
1. Annealing: 1,275 -1,400°F (691 - 760°C) for ½ to 2 hours, cooled by air or furnace.
2. Stress Relief Annealing: 1,000 -1,200°F (538 - 649°C) for 1 to 8 hours, cooled by air or furnace.
3. Solution Heat Treating: 1,675 -1,750°F (913 - 954°C) for 1 hour, followed by water quenching.
4. Aging: 975 -1,025°F (524 - 552°C) for 4 to 8 hours, then air cooled.
Optimum Properties Rapid quenching of small cross sections yields the solution-treated and aged condition. Conversely, larger cross-section sizes or delayed quenching may result in suboptimal properties.
HardnessTypical hardness ranges from Rockwell C 30-34 in the annealed condition to approximately Rockwell C 35-39 in the solution and aged condition, ensuring robust performance.
Forgeability/Formability DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 is expertly forged at 1,750°F (954°C) with a final forging temperature of 1,450°F (788°C). A reduction of at least 35% is recommended for optimal results.
Despite its high strength, DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 is challenging to form at room temperature, even when annealed. For severe forming operations like bending or stretching, annealed material can be processed at temperatures up to 1,200°F (649°C) without altering its mechanical properties. Creep forming is an effective method for hot sizing or forming at temperatures ranging from 1,000 to 1,200°F (538 to 649°C).
Machinability Discover the precision of DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tubes, otherwise known as Grade 5 Titanium Tubes. These tubes can be intricately machined using techniques designed for austenitic stainless steels. With precision in mind, these methods involve slow speeds, high feeds, and exceptional tool rigidity, all while utilizing significant quantities of non-chlorinated cutting fluids. The result? Superior performance and reliability.
Weldability: Ensuring Seamless Integration The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube stands out with its excellent weldability. Whether in an annealed state or a solution and partially aged condition, these tubes are designed to be readily weldable, offering flexibility and durability in diverse applications.
Post-weld heat treatment enables the aging process, ensuring optimal performance. It is crucial, however, to prevent contamination from oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Fusion welding is best performed in an inert gas-filled chamber or with an inert gas tail shield over the molten metal and adjacent hot zones. Additionally, spot welding, seam welding, and flash welding can be carried out without a protective atmosphere, ensuring adaptability in various manufacturing processes.
Special Considerations: Quality at Every Step When dealing with DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tubes, Grade 5 Titanium Tubes, be mindful of potential contamination. Hydrogen contamination can occur from improper pickling, while oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon absorption may happen during forging, heat treating, and brazing. Such contamination can reduce ductility and adversely affect notch sensitivity and formability. Vigilance in these areas ensures maintaining the high quality and performance standards expected of DAXUN products.
