Grade 2 Titanium Tube (UNS R50400 / Werkstoff WS 3.7034)
This is the most commonly utilized titanium tube for industrial applications, offering an exceptional balance of moderate strength and commendable ductility. It exhibits outstanding corrosion resistance in both highly oxidizing and mildly reducing conditions, including exposure to chlorides. This makes it an ideal choice for chemical and offshore industries, aircraft manufacturing where strength and formability are crucial, and applications requiring robust corrosion protection. Additionally, it is widely employed in heat exchangers, hypochlorite systems, firewater systems, ballast water systems, industrial and aerospace components, CPI equipment, and piping solutions.
Fabrication
Titanium Grade 2 is highly responsive to cold forming using conventional techniques. It can be machined readily, although it is imperative to maintain sharp tools and use ample coolant. Similar to machining austenitic stainless steels, operations should involve deep, continuous cuts executed at slow feed rates and speeds.
Stock Availability
Daxun Alloys maintains an extensive inventory of CP 2 Grade Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipes, available in a variety of sizes to meet diverse application needs.
Weight Reduction
CP 2 grade titanium tubes are characterized by low density and a high strength-to-weight ratio, making them perfect for applications where weight reduction is essential without compromising strength. These tubes are cold formable with excellent ductility and can be welded using standard TIG and MIG processes, provided inert gas shielding is employed to prevent weld zone embrittlement.
Crystal Structure
At ambient temperatures, ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium tube exhibits an alpha (hexagonal close-packed) crystal structure, akin to commercially pure titanium grades 1 and 3. Upon reaching approximately 885°C [1625°F], it transitions to a beta (body-centered cubic) structure. The transformation temperature can be adjusted based on the type and concentration of impurities or alloying elements. Alloying additions further divide the single equilibrium transformation temperature into two distinct zones: the alpha transformation zone, below which the alloy remains all alpha, and the beta transformation zone, above which it is all beta. Between these zones, both alpha and beta phases coexist. For grade 2 titanium, typical transformation temperatures are 890°C (1635°F) for alpha and 913°C (1675°F) for beta.
Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium seamless tubes are meticulously crafted from hollow blanks via hot extrusion or the oblique rolling and piercing method, followed by multiple cold rolling operations. Throughout the manufacturing process, the tubes maintain continuous perimeters. Key steps in the production include: sponge titanium vacuum arc melting, ingot blanking to obtain hollow blanks, cleaning, cutting and feeding, hot extrusion or oblique rolling + piercing, degreasing, drying, cutting, online annealing and straightening, pickling, multiple cold rolling, degreasing, drying, vacuum annealing, straightening, cutting, pickling, final inspection, marking (DAXUN), and packaging.
Grade 2 Titanium Welded Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium welded pipes are manufactured from annealed flat-rolled steel plates or strips using the automatic arc welding (TIG) process. The main production stages include: titanium plate uncoiling, shearing, butt welding, cleaning, pipe forming, TIG welding, eddy current testing, pre-sizing, annealing, precision reducing and sizing, straightening, eddy current testing, caliper marking, cutting, ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, final inspection, and packaging. Post forming and welding, the pipes undergo at least one stress-relief heat treatment. Daxun ensures no filler materials are used during the welding process.
Grade 2 Titanium Tube (UNS R50400 / Werkstoff WS 3.7034) This is the most frequently utilized titanium tube for a wide range of industrial applications, offering an exceptional balance between moderate strength and commendable ductility. Its unparalleled corrosion resistance in both highly oxidizing and mildly reducing environments, including chlorides, makes it a superior material choice. The tube excels in providing robust corrosion protection in the chemical and offshore industries, as well as in the aerospace sector where both strength and formability are critical. Additionally, it's extensively employed in heat exchangers, hypochlorite systems, fire water systems, ballast water systems, industrial and aerospace components, CPI equipment, and piping systems.
Fabrication
Titanium Grade 2 is highly responsive to cold forming techniques using conventional methods. While machining, it requires keen tool maintenance and liberal coolant application. Similar to austenitic stainless steels, it necessitates deep, continuous cuts with slow feeds and speeds to ensure precision and quality.
Stock Availability
Daxun Alloys maintains an extensive stock of CP 2 Grade Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipes, available in a diverse range of sizes to meet various application needs.
Weight Reduction
CP 2 grade titanium tubes are characterized by their low density and excellent strength-to-weight ratio, making them ideal for applications that demand weight reduction without compromising strength. They are easily cold-formable, exhibit good ductility, and are compatible with conventional TIG and MIG welding processes, though inert gas shielding is essential to prevent embrittlement in the weld zone.
Crystal Structure
At room temperature, ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium tube features an alpha (hexagonal close-packed) crystal structure, similar to commercially pure titanium grades 1 and 3. This structure transitions to a beta (body-centered cubic) form at approximately 885°C (1625°F). The transformation temperature can vary based on the type and concentration of impurities or alloying elements. The addition of these elements divides the equilibrium transformation temperature into two distinct zones: the alpha transformation zone (all alpha below a certain temperature) and the beta transformation zone (all beta above a certain temperature). Within the intermediate temperature range, both alpha and beta phases coexist. The typical transformation temperatures for Grade 2 titanium are around 890°C (1635°F) for the alpha phase and 913°C (1675°F) for the beta phase.
Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium seamless tubes are meticulously crafted from hollow blanks using advanced hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing processes, followed by multiple stages of cold rolling. Each manufacturing stage ensures seamless perimeters throughout. The comprehensive manufacturing procedure involves: sourcing sponge titanium, vacuum arc melting, blanking to create hollow blanks, cleaning, cutting, feeding, hot extrusion or oblique rolling + piercing, degreasing, drying, cutting, online annealing and straightening, pickling, multiple cold rolling stages, degreasing, drying, vacuum annealing, straightening, cutting, pickling, final inspection, marking (DAXUN), and packaging.
Grade 2 Titanium Welded Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium welded pipes are produced from annealed flat-rolled steel plates or strips using an automatic arc welding (TIG) process. The meticulous production sequence involves: uncoiling titanium plates, shearing, butt welding, cleaning, pipe forming, TIG welding, eddy current testing, pre-sizing, annealing, precision reduction and sizing, straightening, eddy current testing, caliper measurement, marking, cutting, ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, final inspection, and packaging. Post-forming and welding, the welded pipes undergo at least one stress relief heat treatment to ensure structural integrity. Daxun ensures no filler materials are used during the welding process.
Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Pipe - Grade 5 Titanium TubeTitanium Alloy - (UNS R56400)
Introduction
DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube (Grade 5, UNS R56400) stands out as the premier choice among titanium alloys. This duplex alpha+beta alloy, stabilized by aluminum and vanadium, delivers unparalleled strength and can withstand low-temperature operations around 800°F (427°C). The ATI Ti-6Al-4V, Grade 5 alloy excels in annealing, solution treating, and aging processes, making it ideal for critical applications. This includes compressor blades, disks, and rings for jet engines, fuselage and space capsule components, pressure vessels, *** cases, helicopter rotor hubs, fasteners, and other high-strength, weight-sensitive forgings.
The alloy undergoes initial melting via vacuum arc (VAR), electron beam (EB), or plasma arc hearth melting (PAM), followed by one or two vacuum arc remelting steps.
Specifications
• ASTE B338 - Standard for Heat Treatable Titanium Tubes
• AMS 4928 - Specification for Forgings and Forging Stock (Annealed)
• AMS 4965 - Specification for Forgings (Solution Treated and Aged)
• AMS 4967 - Specification for Forgings (Annealed, Heat Treatable)
Physical PropertiesTi-6Al-4V Titanium Tube Melting Range: 2,800-3,000°F (1,538 - 1,649°C)
Density: 0.160 lb/in³ (4.47 g/cm³)
Beta Transus Temperature: 1830°F (± 25°) / 999°C (± 14°)
Heat Treatment Annealed at 1,700-1,900°F (927 - 1,038°C) to achieve high hardness, tensile strength, and fatigue strength.
DAXUN 6-4 Grade 5 Titanium Tube offers versatile heat treatment options.
1. Annealing: 1,275 -1,400°F (691 - 760°C) for ½ to 2 hours, then air or furnace cool.
2. Stress Relief Annealing: 1,000 -1,200°F (538 - 649°C) for 1 to 8 hours, followed by air or furnace cooling.
3. Solution Heat Treating: 1,675 -1,750°F (913 - 954°C) for 1 hour, then water quench.
4. Aging: 975 -1,025°F (524 - 552°C) for 4 to 8 hours, followed by air cooling.
Optimum Properties Rapid quenching of small cross-sections in the solution treated and aged condition yields optimal properties, whereas larger cross-sections or delayed quenching may result in reduced performance.
HardnessIn the annealed condition, typical hardness ranges from Rockwell C 30-34, with solution and aged conditions reaching approximately Rockwell C 35-39.
Forgeability/Formability DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5, is best forged at 1,750°F (954°C) with a final forging temperature of 1,450°F (788°C). A reduction of at least 35% is recommended for optimal results.
This titanium tube is challenging to form at room temperature, even when annealed. For severe forming operations like bending or stretching, annealed material can be processed at temperatures up to 1,200°F (649°C) without altering its mechanical properties. Creep forming is feasible for hot sizing or forming at temperatures between 1,000 and 1,200°F (538 to 649°C).
Machinability The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, or Grade 5 Titanium Tube, exhibits excellent machinability comparable to austenitic stainless steels. To achieve optimal results, employ slow speeds, high feeds, robust tool rigidity, and generous amounts of non-chlorinated cutting fluids.
Weldability The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube, is highly weldable in both annealed and solution-treated, partially aged conditions. Aging can be efficiently integrated during post-weld heat treatment for superior results.
During welding, it is crucial to prevent contamination from oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Fusion welding should be performed in an inert gas-filled chamber or with an inert gas tail shield covering the molten metal and surrounding hot zones. Additionally, spot welding, seam welding, and flash welding can be executed effectively without a protective atmosphere.
Special Considerations When working with the DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube, be mindful of potential contamination from hydrogen during improper pickling and from oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon during forging, heat treating, or brazing. Such contamination can compromise ductility, notch sensitivity, and formability.
