Grade 2 Titanium Tube (UNS R50400 / Werkstoff WS 3.7034)
This is the most commonly utilized titanium tube in industrial applications, delivering an exceptional balance of moderate strength and excellent ductility. It showcases outstanding corrosion resistance in both highly oxidizing and slightly reducing environments, including chlorides. This makes it a prime choice for chemical and offshore industries, as well as aircraft manufacturing where its strength and formability are invaluable. Furthermore, it's extensively used in heat exchangers, hypochlorite systems, fire water and ballast water systems, industrial and aerospace components, CPI equipment, and piping.
Fabrication
Titanium Grade 2 adapts well to cold forming using conventional techniques. It can be accurately machined, provided sharp tools are used and ample coolant is applied. Much like machining austenitic stainless steels, the cuts should be deep and consistent with slow feed rates and speeds.
Stock Availability
Daxun Alloys maintains a broad inventory of CP 2 Grade Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipes, available in a variety of sizes to meet diverse needs.
Weight Reduction
CP 2 grade titanium tubes are characterized by their low density and high strength-to-weight ratio, making them ideal for applications demanding weight reduction without compromising strength. These tubes are cold formable, exhibit good ductility, and can be welded using standard TIG and MIG processes, although inert gas shielding is necessary to avoid weld zone embrittlement.
Crystal Structure
At room temperature, ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium tube features an alpha (hexagonal close-packed) crystal structure, akin to commercially pure titanium grades 1 and 3. At approximately 885°C (1625°F), it transitions to a beta (body-centered cubic) structure. This transformation temperature can be adjusted by the type and quantity of impurities or alloying elements. Adding alloying elements creates two transformation temperatures: the alpha zone below which the alloy is entirely alpha, and the beta zone above which the alloy is entirely beta. Between these zones, both alpha and beta structures coexist. Typical transformation temperatures for grade 2 titanium are 890°C (1635°F) for alpha and 913°C (1675°F) for beta.
Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium seamless tubes are produced from hollow blanks using hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing, followed by multiple cold rolling processes. These tubes maintain continuous perimeters throughout all stages of production. The manufacturing process includes: sponge titanium vacuum arc melting, ingot blanking to obtain hollow blanks, cleaning, cutting and feeding, hot extrusion or oblique rolling with piercing, degreasing, drying, cutting, online annealing and straightening, pickling, multiple cold rolling, degreasing, drying, vacuum annealing, straightening, cutting, pickling, final inspection, marking (DAXUN), and packaging.
Grade 2 Titanium Welded Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium welded pipe is manufactured from annealed flat-rolled steel plate or steel strip using an automatic TIG welding process. Key production steps include: titanium plate uncoiling, shearing, butt welding, cleaning, pipe forming, TIG welding, eddy current testing, pre-sizing, annealing, precision reducing and sizing, straightening, eddy current testing, caliper marking, cutting, ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, final inspection, and packaging. Welded pipes undergo at least one stress-relief heat treatment post-welding. No filler materials are used by Daxun during welding.
Grade 2 Titanium Tube (UNS R50400 / Werkstoff WS 3.7034) This titanium tube is highly sought after for industrial applications due to its exceptional balance of moderate strength and reasonable ductility. It boasts superior corrosion resistance in both highly oxidizing and mildly reducing environments, including chlorides. Its corrosion protection capabilities make it a preferred choice in the chemical and offshore industries, as well as in aircraft manufacturing where both strength and formability are paramount. Beyond these, it is effectively used in heat exchangers, hypochlorite systems, fire water systems, ballast water systems, various industrial and aerospace components, CPI equipment, and piping solutions.
Fabrication
Titanium Grade 2 exhibits excellent cold forming properties using standard methods. It can be machined with ease, yet it is critical to maintain sharp tools and use liberal amounts of coolant. Similar to machining austenitic stainless steels, deep and continuous cuts with slow feeds and speeds are recommended.
Stock Availability
Daxun Alloys maintains an extensive inventory of CP 2 Grade Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipes in a wide range of sizes.
Weight Reduction
CP 2 Grade Titanium Tubes are renowned for their low density and high strength-to-weight ratio, making them ideal for applications requiring weight reduction without compromising strength. These tubes are cold formable, possess good ductility, and can be welded using conventional TIG and MIG processes. However, inert gas shielding is essential to prevent weld zone embrittlement.
Crystal Structure
At room temperature, ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium tube features an alpha (hexagonal close-packed) crystal structure, akin to commercially pure titanium grades 1 and 3. At approximately 885°C (1625°F), it transitions to a beta (body-centered cubic) structure. This transformation temperature can be altered by the type and amount of impurities or alloying elements. The introduction of alloying elements also separates the single equilibrium transformation temperature into two zones: the alpha transformation zone, below which the alloy is entirely alpha, and the beta transformation zone, above which it is entirely beta. Between these temperatures, both alpha and beta forms coexist. For Grade 2 titanium, typical alpha and beta transformation temperatures are 890°C (1635°F) and 913°C (1675°F), respectively.
Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium seamless tubes are crafted from hollow blanks via hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing processes, followed by successive cold rolling stages. Throughout the manufacturing operation, titanium seamless tubes must maintain continuous perimeters. The comprehensive manufacturing process includes: sponge titanium vacuum arc melting, ingot blanking to acquire hollow blanks, cleaning, cutting and feeding, hot extrusion or oblique rolling + piercing, degreasing, drying, cutting, online annealing and straightening, pickling, multiple cold rolling, degreasing, drying, vacuum annealing, straightening, cutting, pickling, final inspection, marking (DAXUN), and packaging.
Grade 2 Titanium Welded Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium welded pipes are manufactured from annealed flat-rolled steel plate or strip using an automatic arc welding (TIG) process. Key production steps include: uncoiling titanium plate, shearing, butt welding, cleaning, pipe forming, TIG welding, eddy current testing, pre-sizing, annealing, precision reducing and sizing, straightening, eddy current testing, caliper marking, cutting, ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, final inspection, and packaging. Welded pipes undergo at least one stress relief heat treatment post-forming and welding. Daxun ensures no filler materials are used during the welding process.
Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Pipe- Grade 5 Titanium TubeTitanium Alloy - (UNS R56400)
Introduction
DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 (UNS R56400) stands as the premier choice among titanium alloys. Featuring a duplex alpha+beta combination, it utilizes aluminum as the alpha stabilizer and vanadium as the beta stabilizer. This robust alloy excels even in low temperatures, down to about 800°F (427°C). The ATI Ti-6Al-4V, Grade 5 alloy is versatile, ideal for annealing, solution treating, and aging processes. Its extensive applications include compressor blades, disks, and rings for jet engines; fuselage and space capsule components; pressure vessels; *** cases; helicopter rotor hubs; fasteners; and critical forgings, all benefiting from its excellent strength-to-weight ratio.
The alloy's initial melting is achieved through vacuum arc (VAR), electron beam (EB), or plasma arc hearth melting (PAM) techniques. Subsequent remelting is performed in one or two vacuum arc steps to ensure purity and quality.
Specifications
• ASTE B338 - Standard Heat Treatable Titanium Tube
• AMS 4928 - Forgings and Forging Stock (Annealed)
• AMS 4965 - Forgings (Solution Treated and Aged)
• AMS 4967 - Forgings (Annealed, Heat Treatable)
Physical PropertiesTi-6Al-4V Titanium Tube Melting Range: 2,800-3,000°F (1,538 - 1,649°C)
Density: 0.160 lb/in3; 4.47 g/cm3
Beta Transus Temperature: 1830°F (± 25°); 999°C (± 14°)
Heat Treatment Annealed at 1,700-1,900°F (927 - 1,038°C) for enhanced hardness, tensile strength, and fatigue resistance.
DAXUN 6-4 Grade 5 Titanium Tube can be customized through various heat treatment methods to meet specific project requirements.
1. Annealing: 1,275 -1,400°F; (691 - 760°C), ½ to 2 hours, air or furnace cool
2. Stress Relief Annealing: 1,000 -1,200°F; (538 - 649°C), 1 to 8 hours, air or furnace cool
3. Solution Heat Treating: 1,675 -1,750°F; (913 - 954°C), 1 hour, water quench
4. Aging: 975 -1,025°F; (524 - 552°C), 4 to 8 hours - air cool
Optimum Properties Achieve optimum properties with small cross sections and rapid quenching in the solution treated and aged condition. Larger cross-sections or delayed quenching may lead to suboptimal results.
HardnessTypical hardness ranges from Rockwell C 30-34 in the annealed condition to approximately Rockwell C 35-39 in the solution treated and aged condition.
Forgeability/Formability DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube is ideally forged at 1,750°F (954°C) with a final forging temperature of 1,450°F (788°C). A reduction of at least 35% is recommended to achieve optimal results.
Though challenging to form at room temperature, the annealed DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube allows for severe forming operations, such as bending or stretching, at temperatures up to 1,200°F (649°C) without altering its mechanical properties. For hot sizing or forming, creep forming can be utilized at temperatures ranging from 1,000 to 1,200°F (538 to 649°C).
Machinability The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube, showcases superior machinability characteristics, akin to those of austenitic stainless steels. Optimal results are achieved with slow speeds, high feeds, robust tool rigidity, and generous application of non-chlorinated cutting fluids.
Weldability The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube, offers exceptional weldability in both annealed and solution plus partially aged conditions, with aging being a part of the post-weld heat treatment process.
Post-weld aging treatment solidifies its structural integrity. It is paramount to mitigate contamination risks from oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Fusion welding should be conducted in an inert gas-filled chamber or with an inert gas tail shield over the molten metal and adjacent hot zones. Spot welding, seam welding, and flash welding can be seamlessly performed without a protective atmosphere.
Special Considerations The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube, must be safeguarded against hydrogen contamination, which can arise from improper pickling and the absorption of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon during processes such as forging, heat treating, and brazing. Such contamination can diminish ductility, notch sensitivity, and formability.
