Grade 2 Titanium Tube (UNS R50400 / Werkstoff WS 3.7034)
The Grade 2 Titanium Tube is the industry's top choice for a variety of applications due to its exceptional balance of moderate strength and excellent ductility. With unmatched corrosion resistance in both highly oxidizing and mildly reducing environments, including chlorides, it is a go-to material. In the chemical and offshore industries, aircraft manufacturing, and numerous industrial applications, this titanium tube offers the ideal blend of strength and formability. It is extensively used in heat exchangers, hypochlorite systems, fire water systems, ballast water systems, industrial and aerospace components, CPI equipment, and piping solutions.
Fabrication
Titanium Grade 2 is highly amenable to cold forming using standard techniques. It can be machined with ease, though it is crucial to use sharp tools and abundant coolant. Similar to austenitic stainless steels, deep and continuous cutting with slow feeds and speeds ensures optimal results.
Stock Availability
Daxun Alloys boasts a comprehensive inventory of CP 2 Grade Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipes in various sizes, ready to meet diverse industrial needs.
Weight Reduction
CP 2 grade titanium tubes are prized for their low density and superior strength-to-weight ratio, making them ideal for applications demanding weight reduction without compromising strength. They exhibit excellent cold formability, remarkable ductility, and can be welded utilizing conventional TIG and MIG processes. Ensuring inert gas shielding during welding is imperative to prevent embrittlement of the weld zone.
Crystal Structure
At ambient temperatures, ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium tube possesses an alpha (hexagonal close-packed) crystal structure, similar to other commercially pure titanium grades such as Grade 1 and Grade 3. Upon reaching approximately 885°C (1625°F), it transitions to a beta (body-centered cubic) structure. The transformation temperature can vary based on the type and quantity of impurities or alloying elements present. These additions split the single transformation temperature into two distinct zones: the alpha transformation zone and the beta transformation zone, with both alpha and beta phases coexisting between these temperatures. For Grade 2 titanium, the typical alpha and beta transformation temperatures are 890°C (1635°F) and 913°C (1675°F), respectively.
Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium seamless tubes are crafted using hollow blanks through a sophisticated hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing process, followed by several cold rolling operations. The production of titanium seamless tubes involves a continuous perimeter throughout all manufacturing stages. The comprehensive manufacturing steps include: sponge titanium vacuum arc melting, ingot blanking to obtain hollow blanks, cleaning, cutting and feeding, hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing, degreasing, drying, cutting, online annealing and straightening, pickling, multiple cold rolling processes, degreasing, drying, vacuum annealing, straightening, cutting, pickling, final inspection, marking (DAXUN), and packaging.
Grade 2 Titanium Welded Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium welded pipes are produced from annealed flat-rolled steel plates or strips using an automatic arc welding (TIG) process. The primary production procedures encompass: titanium plate uncoiling, shearing, butt welding, cleaning, pipe forming, TIG welding, eddy current testing, pre-sizing, annealing, precision reducing and sizing, straightening, eddy current testing, caliper marking, cutting, ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, final inspection, and packaging. Post forming and welding, welded pipes must undergo at least one stress relief heat treatment. Daxun ensures the use of filler materials during the welding process.
Grade 2 Titanium Tube (UNS R50400 / Werkstoff WS 3.7034) This is the most frequently used titanium tube for a vast array of industrial applications, offering an exceptional balance of moderate strength and commendable ductility. It boasts outstanding corrosion resistance in both highly oxidizing and mildly reducing environments, including exposure to chlorides. This makes it an excellent choice for corrosion protection in the chemical and offshore industries, as well as in aircraft manufacturing, where both strength and formability are crucial. Additionally, it is extensively employed in heat exchangers, hypochlorite systems, firewater systems, ballast water systems, industrial and aerospace components, CPI equipment, and piping solutions.
Fabrication
Titanium Grade 2 shows excellent responsiveness to cold forming using standard industry methods. While it can be easily machined, it is essential to maintain sharp tool edges and use liberal amounts of coolant. Similar to machining austenitic stainless steels, the machining process should involve deep and continuous cuts with slow feeds and speeds to ensure optimal results.
Stock Availability
Daxun Alloys maintains an extensive inventory of CP 2 Grade Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipes available in a wide range of sizes to meet diverse project requirements.
Weight Reduction
CP 2 grade titanium tubes are characterized by their low density and high strength-to-weight ratio, making them ideal for applications demanding weight reduction without compromising overall strength. They are easily cold formable, exhibit good ductility, and can be welded using conventional TIG and MIG processes, provided adequate inert gas shielding is employed to prevent weld zone embrittlement.
Crystal Structure
At room temperature, the ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium tube features an alpha (hexagonal close-packed) crystal structure, similar to commercially pure titanium grades 1 and 3. Around 885°C (1625°F), this structure transitions to a beta (body-centered cubic) form. This transformation temperature varies with the type and quantity of impurities or alloying elements present. The introduction of alloying elements also bifurcates the single equilibrium transformation temperature into two distinct zones: the alpha transformation zone (below which the structure is purely alpha) and the beta transformation zone (above which the structure is entirely beta). Between these temperatures, both alpha and beta phases coexist. Typical alpha and beta transformation temperatures for grade 2 titanium are 890°C (1635°F) and 913°C (1675°F), respectively.
Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium seamless tubes are meticulously crafted from hollow blanks through either hot extrusion or the oblique rolling and piercing process, followed by multiple stages of cold rolling. Throughout the manufacturing operation, the titanium seamless tubes maintain continuous perimeters. The comprehensive manufacturing process for titanium seamless tubes includes: vacuum arc melting of sponge titanium to produce ingots, blanking to obtain hollow blanks, cleaning, cutting and feeding, hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing, degreasing, drying, cutting, online annealing and straightening, pickling, multiple stages of cold rolling, degreasing, drying, vacuum annealing, straightening, cutting, pickling, final inspection, marking (DAXUN), and packaging.
Grade 2 Titanium Welded Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium welded pipes are produced from annealed flat-rolled steel plates or steel strips using the automatic arc welding (TIG) process. The primary production stages include: titanium plate uncoiling, shearing, butt welding, cleaning, pipe forming, TIG welding, eddy current testing, pre-sizing, annealing, precision reducing and sizing, straightening, eddy current testing, caliper measurement, marking, cutting, ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, final inspection, and packaging. Post forming and welding, welded pipes undergo at least one stress relief heat treatment. Daxun ensures no filler materials are used during the welding process.
Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Pipe - Grade 5 Titanium TubeTitanium Alloy - (UNS R56400)
Introduction
The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 (UNS R56400) stands as the most sought-after titanium alloy, revered for its duplex alpha+beta composition. Utilizing aluminum as the alpha stabilizer and vanadium as the beta stabilizer, this high-strength alloy performs exceptionally at low temperatures, reaching up to 800°F (427°C). Ideal for annealing, solution treating, and aging, ATI Ti-6Al-4V, Grade 5 alloy is pivotal in crafting compressor blades, disks, and rings for jet engines, fuselage and space capsule components, pressure vessels, *** cases, helicopter rotor hubs, fasteners, and critical forgings. Its remarkable high strength-to-weight ratio distinguishes it in demanding applications.
Initially, the alloy undergoes melting via vacuum arc (VAR), electron beam (EB), or plasma arc hearth melting (PAM). Remelting is meticulously executed through one or two vacuum arc steps, ensuring superior quality and consistency.
Specifications
• ASTM B338 - Standard for Heat Treatable Titanium Tubing, setting the benchmark for quality and reliability.
• AMS 4928 - Specifications for Forgings and Forging Stock in an Annealed state, ensuring optimal performance.
• AMS 4965 - Standards for Forgings that are Solution Treated and Aged, enhancing material properties.
• AMS 4967 - Criteria for Forgings that are Annealed and Heat Treatable, providing superior versatility.
Physical PropertiesDAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube Melting Range: Exhibiting an impressive melting range of 2,800-3,000°F (1,538 - 1,649°C), ensuring robustness in extreme conditions.
Density: With a density of 0.160 lb/in^3 or 4.47 g/cm^3, it combines lightweight properties with formidable strength.
Beta Transus Temperature: Notably, the beta transus temperature is 1830°F (± 25°) or 999°C (± 14°), marking its transition point.
Heat Treatment Annealing: Superlative hardness, tensile strength, and fatigue strength are achieved through annealing at 1,700-1,900°F (927 - 1,038°C).
DAXUN 6-4 Grade 5 Titanium Tube is amenable to a range of heat treatment methods, optimizing its performance for various industrial applications.
1. Annealing: 1,275 -1,400°F (691 - 760°C) for ½ to 2 hours, followed by air or furnace cooling, to refine its microstructure.
2. Stress Relief Annealing: 1,000 -1,200°F (538 - 649°C) for 1 to 8 hours, then air or furnace cool to relieve internal stresses.
3. Solution Heat Treating: 1,675 -1,750°F (913 - 954°C) for 1 hour, followed by a swift water quench, achieving superior mechanical properties.
4. Aging: 975 -1,025°F (524 - 552°C) for 4 to 8 hours with an air cool to fortify the alloy's durability.
Optimum Properties Achieving Optimum Properties: Rapid quenching of small cross sections in the solution-treated and aged condition yields optimal properties. Conversely, larger cross-section sizes or delayed quenching can result in suboptimal characteristics.
HardnessTypical Hardness Levels: In its annealed state, the hardness is Rockwell C 30-34, while in the solution and aged condition, it reaches approximately Rockwell C 35-39, underscoring its robustness.
Forgeability/Formability Forging Excellence: The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 is best forged at 1,750°F (954°C), with a concluding forging temperature of 1,450°F (788°C). A reduction of at least 35% is advocated for optimal results.
Forming Challenges: At room temperature, even when annealed, the DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 poses significant forming challenges. Therefore, severe forming operations such as bending or stretching are best performed on the annealed material at temperatures up to 1,200°F (649°C) without compromising its mechanical properties. Creep forming is also viable for hot sizing or forming at temperatures between 1,000 and 1,200°F (538 to 649°C).
Machinability DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube boasts exceptional machinability akin to that of austenitic stainless steels. Employing slow speeds, high feeds, and robust tool rigidity, along with copious amounts of non-chlorinated cutting fluids, ensures optimal performance and precision.
Weldability DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube excels in weldability, whether in the annealed state or solution and partially aged conditions, making it a versatile choice for various applications.
Post-weld heat treatment enables the completion of aging, but it is crucial to avoid contamination by oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Fusion welding can be performed within an inert gas-filled chamber or with an inert gas tail shield protecting the molten metal and adjacent hot zones. Additionally, spot welding, seam welding, and flash welding can be conducted without a protective atmosphere.
Special Considerations DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube requires diligent handling to prevent contamination by hydrogen during improper pickling or by oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon during processes like forging, heat treating, and brazing. Such contamination could compromise ductility, notch sensitivity, and formability, thus careful attention is paramount.
