Grade 2 Titanium Tube (UNS R50400 / Werkstoff WS 3.7034)
This is the premier titanium tube for industrial applications, striking an impeccable balance between moderate strength and impressive ductility. It boasts outstanding corrosion resistance in both highly oxidizing and mildly reducing environments, including those with chlorides. This makes it the ideal choice for the chemical and offshore industries, as well as aircraft manufacturing, where both strength and formability are essential. Furthermore, it excels in heat exchangers, hypochlorite systems, fire water systems, ballast water systems, industrial and aerospace components, CPI equipment, and pipes.
Fabrication
Titanium Grade 2 is highly responsive to cold forming using standard techniques. It can be machined easily, though diligence is required to maintain sharp tools and ample coolant use. Just like machining austenitic stainless steels, cuts should be deep and continuous, paired with slow feeds and speeds for the best results.
Stock Availability
Daxun Alloys maintains a robust inventory of CP 2 Grade Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipes in a variety of dimensions.
Weight Reduction
CP 2 grade titanium tubes combine low density with a high strength-to-weight ratio, making them perfect for applications that demand weight reduction without compromising strength. They are cold formable, exhibit good ductility, and can be welded using standard TIG and MIG processes, though inert gas shielding is necessary to avoid weld zone embrittlement.
Crystal Structure
At room temperature, ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium tubes exhibit an alpha (hexagonal close-packed) crystal structure, similar to grades 1 and 3 of commercially pure titanium. Around 885°C [1625°F], it transitions to a beta (body-centered cubic) structure. The transition temperature can vary based on impurities or alloying additions, which also create distinct alpha and beta transformation zones. Between these zones, both alpha and beta forms coexist. For Grade 2 titanium, typical transformation temperatures are 890°C (1635°F) for alpha and 913°C (1675°F) for beta structures.
Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium seamless tubes are crafted from hollow blanks through hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing processes, followed by multiple stages of cold rolling. At every stage, the tubes maintain continuous perimeters. The manufacturing steps include: vacuum arc melting of sponge titanium, ingot blanking to obtain hollow blanks, cleaning, cutting, feeding, hot extrusion or oblique rolling with piercing, degreasing, drying, cutting, online annealing, straightening, pickling, multiple cold rolling stages, vacuum annealing, straightening, cutting, pickling, final inspection, marking (DAXUN), and packaging.
Grade 2 Titanium Welded Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium welded pipes are produced from annealed flat-rolled steel plates or strips using an automated arc welding (TIG) process. The manufacturing steps include: uncoiling titanium plates, shearing, butt welding, cleaning, pipe forming, TIG welding, eddy current testing, pre-sizing, annealing, precision reducing and sizing, straightening, eddy current testing, caliper marking, cutting, ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, final inspection, and packaging. Welded pipes undergo stress relief heat treatment post-formation and welding. Daxun uses any filler materials during the welding process.
Grade 2 Titanium Tube (UNS R50400 / Werkstoff WS 3.7034) This is the most frequently utilized titanium tube for industrial applications, offering an exceptional balance of moderate strength and commendable ductility. Renowned for its outstanding corrosion resistance, it thrives in both highly oxidizing and mildly reducing environments, including chloride-rich conditions. It stands as a paragon of corrosion protection in the chemical and offshore industries, as well as in aircraft manufacturing, where both strength and ease of forming are paramount. Additionally, it finds extensive application in heat exchangers, hypochlorite systems, fire water systems, ballast water systems, industrial and aerospace components, CPI equipment, and piping systems.
Fabrication
Titanium Grade 2 is highly receptive to cold forming through standard methodologies. It can be machined with ease, though it is imperative to maintain sharp tools and employ liberal coolant use. Similar to machining austenitic stainless steels, the cuts should be deep and continuous, with slow feeds and speeds to ensure precision and quality.
Stock Availability
Daxun Alloys maintains an extensive inventory of CP 2 Grade Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipes, available in a wide array of sizes to meet diverse application needs.
Weight Reduction
CP 2 grade titanium tubes boast a low density complemented by a high strength-to-weight ratio, rendering them ideal for applications necessitating weight reduction without compromising overall structural integrity. These tubes possess excellent cold formability, commendable ductility, and are weldable using conventional TIG and MIG methodologies, provided inert gas shielding is employed to avert weld zone embrittlement.
Crystal Structure
At ambient temperatures, ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium tube exhibits an alpha (hexagonal close-packed) crystal structure, akin to commercially pure titanium grades 1 and 3. Upon reaching approximately 885°C (1625°F), it undergoes a transformation to a beta (body-centered cubic) structure. The transformation temperature may vary with the addition and type of impurities or alloying elements, which further divide the single transformation temperature into two distinct temperature zones: the alpha transformation zone, below which the alloy remains purely alpha, and the beta transformation zone, above which it is purely beta. Intermediary between these temperatures, both alpha and beta phases coexist. Standard alpha and beta transformation temperatures for grade 2 titanium are 890°C (1635°F) and 913°C (1675°F), respectively.
Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium seamless tubes are meticulously crafted from hollow blanks via a hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing process, succeeded by multiple cold rolling stages. Throughout the manufacturing journey, titanium seamless tubes maintain continuous perimeters. The manufacturing process encompasses: sponge titanium vacuum arc melting, ingot blanking to obtain hollow blanks, cleaning, cutting, feeding, hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing, degreasing, drying, cutting, online annealing and straightening, pickling, multiple cold rolling, degreasing, drying, vacuum annealing, straightening, cutting, pickling, final inspection, marking (DAXUN), and packaging.
Grade 2 Titanium Welded Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium welded pipe is expertly produced from annealed flat-rolled steel plate or steel strip using the automatic arc welding (TIG) process. The comprehensive production process includes: titanium plate uncoiling, shearing, butt welding, cleaning, pipe forming, TIG welding, eddy current testing, pre-sizing, annealing, precision reducing and sizing, straightening, eddy current testing, caliper marking, cutting, ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, final inspection, and packaging. Each welded pipe undergoes at least one stress relief heat treatment post-forming and welding, ensuring optimal performance and durability. Daxun avoids the use of filler materials during the welding process.
Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Pipe - Grade 5 Titanium TubeTitanium Alloy - (UNS R56400)
Introduction
DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 (UNS R56400) stands as the premier titanium alloy, celebrated for its duplex alpha+beta structure where aluminum acts as the alpha stabilizer and vanadium as the beta stabilizer. This high-strength marvel endures low temperatures down to 800°F (427°C). ATI Ti-6Al-4V, Grade 5 alloy is integral for annealing, solution treating, and aging, making it indispensable for compressor blades, disks, and rings in jet engines, fuselage and space capsule components, pressure vessels, *** casings, helicopter rotor hubs, fasteners, and critical forgings that demand an exceptional strength-to-weight ratio.
Initially, the alloy undergoes vacuum arc (VAR), electron beam (EB), or plasma arc hearth melting (PAM), followed by remelting through one or two stages of vacuum arc processing.
Specifications
• ASTE B338 - Standard Heat Treatable Titanium Tube
• AMS 4928 - Forgings and Forging Stock (Annealed)
• AMS 4965 - Forgings (Solution Treated and Aged)
• AMS 4967 - Forgings (Annealed, Heat Treatable)
Physical PropertiesThe Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube boasts a melting range between 2,800-3,000°F (1,538 - 1,649°C).
Density: 0.160 lb/in3; 4.47 g/cm3
Beta Transus Temperature: 1830°F (± 25°); 999°C (± 14°)
Heat Treatment When high hardness, tensile strength, and fatigue strength are crucial, the alloy is annealed at 1,700-1,900°F (927 - 1,038°C).
The versatile DAXUN 6-4 Grade 5 Titanium Tube allows for various heat treatment methods:
1. Annealing: 1,275 -1,400°F; (691 - 760°C), ½ to 2 hours, air or furnace cool
2. Stress Relief Annealing: 1,000 -1,200°F; (538 - 649°C), 1 to 8 hours, air or furnace cool
3. Solution Heat Treating: 1,675 -1,750°F; (913 - 954°C), 1 hour, water quench
4. Aging: 975 -1,025°F; (524 - 552°C), 4 to 8 hours - air cool
Optimum Properties For optimal properties, small cross-sections undergo rapid quenching in the solution-treated and aged state. However, larger cross-sections or delayed quenching can result in suboptimal properties.
HardnessIn the annealed state, the alloy typically exhibits a hardness of Rockwell C 30-34, which increases to approximately Rockwell C 35-39 in the solution and aged state.
Forgeability/Formability The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5, is forged at 1,750°F (954°C) with a final forging temperature of 1,450°F (788°C). A reduction of at least 35% is recommended to achieve superior results.
Due to its toughness, forming the DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5, at room temperature is challenging even after annealing. Therefore, severe forming operations such as bending or stretching are executed on annealed material at temperatures up to 1,200°F (649°C) without altering its mechanical properties. Creep forming is also applicable for hot sizing or forming at temperatures between 1,000 and 1,200°F (538 to 649°C).
Machinability DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube is a marvel of engineering precision. It can be expertly machined using techniques tailored for austenitic stainless steels. Employing slow speeds, high feeds, exceptional tool rigidity, and substantial quantities of non-chlorinated cutting fluids ensures a seamless and efficient machining process.
Weldability DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube exhibits outstanding weldability, either in the annealed state or in solution and partially aged conditions. It is tailored for seamless welding integration, supplemented by aging processes.
to be accomplished during post-weld heat treatment. Caution is imperative to prevent contamination by oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Fusion welding should be conducted within an inert gas-filled chamber or utilizing an inert gas tail shield to protect the molten metal and adjacent hot zones. Spot welding, seam welding, and flash welding are all viable without requiring a protective atmosphere.
Special Considerations DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube must be handled with precision to avoid hydrogen contamination from improper pickling and absorption of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon during forging, heat treating, brazing, and other processes. Such contamination can detract from its ductility, notch sensitivity, and formability, necessitating careful handling and processing.
