Grade 2 Titanium Tube (UNS R50400 / Werkstoff WS 3.7034)
This is the most widely utilized titanium tube for a broad range of industrial applications, offering an excellent balance of moderate strength paired with reasonable ductility. It showcases exceptional corrosion resistance in both highly oxidizing and mildly reducing environments, including chlorides. This titanium tube excels in providing robust corrosion protection across chemical and offshore industries, as well as in aircraft manufacturing where strength and formability are essential. Additionally, it finds applications in heat exchangers, hypochlorite systems, fire water systems, ballast water systems, industrial and aerospace components, CPI equipment, and piping.
Fabrication
Titanium Grade 2 adapts exceptionally well to cold forming using standard techniques. It is readily machinable, though it requires particular attention to maintaining sharp tools and the liberal use of coolants. Similar to machining austenitic stainless steels, cuts should be deep and continuous with slower feeds and speeds.
Stock Availability
Daxun Alloys maintains an extensive stock of CP 2 Grade Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipes in various sizes to meet diverse requirements.
Weight Reduction
CP 2 grade titanium tubes are characterized by their low density and high strength-to-weight ratio, making them ideal for applications demanding weight reduction without compromising overall strength. These tubes are cold formable, exhibit good ductility, and can be welded using conventional TIG and MIG processes, although inert gas shielding is essential to prevent embrittlement of the weld zone.
Crystal Structure
At room temperature, ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium tube possesses an alpha (hexagonal close-packed) crystal structure, akin to commercially pure titanium grades 1 and 3. At approximately 885°C [1625°F], it transforms into a beta (body-centered cubic) structure. This transformation temperature can vary depending on the type and amount of impurities or alloying additions. The introduction of alloying elements divides the equilibrium transformation temperature into two zones: the alpha transformation zone, below which the alloy is entirely alpha, and the beta transformation zone, above which the alloy is completely beta. Between these temperatures, both alpha and beta forms coexist. Typical transformation temperatures for Grade 2 titanium are 890°C (1635°F) and 913°C (1675°F) for alpha and beta phases, respectively.
Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium seamless tubes are meticulously crafted from hollow blanks through a hot extrusion process or oblique rolling and piercing process, followed by multiple cold rolling operations. Throughout the manufacturing stages, titanium seamless tubes maintain continuous perimeters. The comprehensive manufacturing process includes: sponge titanium vacuum arc melting, ingot blanking for hollow blanks, cleaning, cutting and feeding, hot extrusion or oblique rolling with piercing, degreasing, drying, cutting, online annealing and straightening, pickling, multiple cold rolling, degreasing, drying, vacuum annealing, straightening, cutting, pickling, final inspection, marking (DAXUN), and packaging.
Grade 2 Titanium Welded Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium welded pipes are produced from annealed flat-rolled steel plate or steel strip using an automatic arc welding (TIG) process. The main production operations include: titanium plate uncoiling, shearing, butt welding, cleaning, pipe forming, TIG welding, eddy current testing, pre-sizing, annealing, precision reducing and sizing, straightening, eddy current testing, caliper marking, cutting, ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, final inspection, and packaging. Post-forming and welding, welded pipes undergo at least one stress relief heat treatment. During the welding process, Daxun does not use any filler materials.
Grade 2 Titanium Tube (UNS R50400 / Werkstoff WS 3.7034) Our most frequently utilized titanium tube, the Durable Gr2 Titanium Welded Tube ASTM B338 Standard, strikes the perfect balance of moderate strength and impressive ductility. It boasts unparalleled corrosion resistance, excelling in both highly oxidizing and mildly reducing environments, including those containing chlorides. This exceptional tube provides robust corrosion protection in diverse industries such as chemical processing, offshore installations, and aircraft manufacturing, where both strength and malleability are paramount. Additionally, it finds extensive applications in heat exchangers, hypochlorite systems, fire water systems, ballast water systems, industrial and aerospace components, CPI equipment, and piping solutions.
Fabrication
Titanium Grade 2 is highly responsive to cold forming using conventional techniques. It can be easily machined, provided that sharp tools are maintained and generous amounts of coolant are applied. Similar to machining austenitic stainless steels, the process requires deep and continuous cuts with slow feeds and speeds to ensure precision and efficiency.
Stock Availability
Daxun Alloys maintains an extensive stock of CP 2 Grade Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipes, available in a wide range of sizes to meet diverse industry requirements.
Weight Reduction
CP 2 grade titanium tubes are distinguished by their low density and remarkable strength-to-weight ratio, making them ideal for applications demanding weight reduction without compromising structural integrity. These tubes are cold formable, exhibit excellent ductility, and can be welded using standard TIG and MIG processes. However, it's crucial to employ inert gas shielding to prevent embrittlement in the weld zone.
Crystal Structure
At ambient temperatures, ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium tube exhibits an alpha (hexagonal close-packed) crystal structure, akin to commercially pure titanium grades 1 and 3. When heated to approximately 885°C (1625°F), it undergoes a transformation to a beta (body-centered cubic) structure. The exact transformation temperature can vary based on the type and quantity of impurities or alloying elements present. Alloying additions can alter the equilibrium transformation temperature, creating two distinct temperature zones: the alpha transformation zone (below which the alloy is all alpha) and the beta transformation zone (above which the alloy is all beta). Between these two thresholds, both alpha and beta phases coexist. For Grade 2 titanium, typical alpha and beta transformation temperatures are 890°C (1635°F) and 913°C (1675°F), respectively.
Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Pipe Manufacturing Process
At Daxun, our Grade 2 titanium seamless tubes, conforming to ASTM B338 standards, are expertly crafted from hollow blanks through hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing processes, followed by multiple cold rolling stages. Ensuring continuous perimeters at every manufacturing phase, the seamless tube production involves: sponge titanium vacuum arc melting, ingot blanking to obtain hollow blanks, cleaning, cutting and feeding, hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing, degreasing, drying, cutting, online annealing and straightening, pickling, multiple cold rolling, degreasing, drying, vacuum annealing, straightening, cutting, pickling, final inspection, marking (DAXUN), and packaging.
Grade 2 Titanium Welded Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's Grade 2 titanium welded pipes, adhering to ASTM B338 standards, are produced from annealed flat-rolled steel plates or strips using the automatic arc welding (TIG) method. The process encompasses: titanium plate uncoiling, shearing, butt welding, cleaning, pipe forming, TIG welding, eddy current testing, pre-sizing, annealing, precision reducing and sizing, straightening, eddy current testing, caliper marking, cutting, ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, final inspection, and packaging. Post-formation and welding, the pipes undergo at least one stress relief heat treatment. Notably, Daxun incorporates filler materials during the welding process.
Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Pipe - Grade 5 Titanium TubeTitanium Alloy - (UNS R56400)
Introduction
DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 (UNS R56400) stands as the most sought-after titanium alloy. This premium duplex alpha+beta alloy utilizes aluminum as the alpha stabilizer and vanadium as the beta stabilizer, ensuring superior performance. Renowned for its high strength, this alloy excels even at low temperatures around 800°F (427°C). ATI Ti-6Al-4V, Grade 5 alloy is perfect for a range of applications including annealing, solution treating, and aging. Its versatility makes it indispensable for compressor blades, disks, and rings in jet engines; fuselage and space capsule components; pressure vessels; *** cases; helicopter rotor hubs; and fasteners. It also excels in critical forgings demanding a high strength-to-weight ratio.
This alloy is initially melted through advanced methods such as vacuum arc (VAR), electron beam (EB), or plasma arc hearth melting (PAM). Subsequent remelting is executed through one or two vacuum arc steps, ensuring optimal purity and performance.
Specifications
• ASTM B338 - Standard Heat Treatable Titanium Tube
• AMS 4928 - Forgings and Forging Stock (Annealed)
• AMS 4965 - Forgings (Solution Treated and Aged)
• AMS 4967 - Forgings (Annealed, Heat Treatable)
Physical PropertiesThe Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube boasts a melting range of 2,800-3,000°F (1,538 - 1,649°C), ensuring versatility across multiple applications.
Density: 0.160 lb/in3; 4.47 g/cm3
Beta Transus Temperature: 1830°F (± 25°); 999°C (± 14°)
Heat Treatment Annealed at 1,700-1,900°F (927 - 1,038°C), this titanium tube achieves high hardness, tensile strength, and fatigue strength essential for demanding applications.
The DAXUN 6-4 Grade 5 Titanium Tube offers versatile heat treatment options, tailored to meet specific performance requirements.
1. Annealing: 1,275 -1,400°F; (691 - 760°C), ½ to 2 hours, air or furnace cool
2. Stress Relief Annealing: 1,000 -1,200°F; (538 - 649°C), 1 to 8 hours, air or furnace cool
3. Solution Heat Treating: 1,675 -1,750°F; (913 - 954°C), 1 hour, water quench
4. Aging: 975 -1,025°F; (524 - 552°C), 4 to 8 hours - air cool
Optimum Properties For small cross sections with rapid quenching, the solution treated and aged condition yields optimal properties. Larger cross-section sizes or delayed quenching may result in reduced performance.
HardnessIn the annealed condition, typical hardness ranges from Rockwell C 30-34, while in the solution and aged condition, it elevates to approximately Rockwell C 35-39.
Forgeability/Formability The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube is forged at 1,750°F (954°C), with a final forging temperature of 1,450°F (788°C). A reduction of at least 35% is recommended for optimal results.
Though challenging to form at room temperature, the DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube can undergo severe forming operations such as bending or stretching when annealed, at temperatures up to 1,200°F (649°C), without impacting its mechanical properties. For hot sizing or forming, creep forming is recommended at temperatures ranging from 1,000 to 1,200°F (538 to 649°C).
Machinability The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube, exhibits excellent machinability. It can be processed using standard methods tailored for austenitic stainless steels. To achieve the best results, employ slow speeds, high feeds, and ensure robust tool rigidity, all while utilizing generous amounts of non-chlorinated cutting fluids for optimal performance and longevity.
Weldability The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube, stands out for its exceptional weldability. It can be effectively welded in both annealed and solution-partially aged conditions, with the aging process finalized during post-weld heat treatment.
To prevent contamination from oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen, it is crucial to adopt specific precautions. Fusion welding should be conducted in an inert gas-filled chamber or with an inert gas tail shield protecting the molten metal and surrounding hot zones. Spot welding, seam welding, and flash welding can be performed seamlessly without the necessity of a protective atmosphere.
Special Considerations The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube, requires careful handling to avoid contamination. Hydrogen contamination can occur during improper pickling, while the absorption of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon during processes like forging, heat treating, and brazing can also pose risks. Such contamination can lead to decreased ductility and negatively impact notch sensitivity and formability, underscoring the need for meticulous process control.
