Grade 2 Titanium Tube (UNS R50400 / Werkstoff WS 3.7034)
This Grade 2 titanium tube, the most commonly employed for industrial applications, strikes a remarkable balance between moderate strength and commendable ductility. It excels in corrosion resistance across both highly oxidising and mildly reducing environments, including chlorides. Ideal for the chemical and offshore sectors, as well as aircraft manufacturing, where both strength and formability are paramount, this tube is also prevalent in heat exchangers, hypochlorite systems, fire water systems, ballast water systems, CPI equipment, and various industrial and aerospace components.
Fabrication
Titanium Grade 2 is highly responsive to cold forming via standard methods. It is readily machinable, though it requires careful attention to sharp tooling and liberal coolant usage. Similar to machining austenitic stainless steels, machining should be done with deep, continuous cuts at slow feeds and speeds.
Stock Availability
Daxun Alloys maintains an extensive stock of CP 2 Grade Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipes in a diverse range of sizes.
Weight Reduction
CP 2 grade titanium tubes boast low density coupled with a high strength-to-weight ratio, perfect for applications necessitating weight reduction without compromising strength. They are cold formable, exhibit excellent ductility, and are weldable using conventional TIG and MIG processes, though inert gas shielding is essential to prevent weld zone embrittlement.
Crystal Structure
At room temperature, ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium tube features an alpha (hexagonal close-packed) crystal structure, akin to commercially pure titanium grades 1 and 3. Around 885°C (1625°F), it transitions to a beta (body-centered cubic) structure. This transformation temperature can vary based on impurities or alloying additions. Alloying elements bifurcate the equilibrium transformation temperature into the alpha zone (all alpha) and the beta zone (all beta). Between these zones, both alpha and beta forms coexist. Typical transformation temperatures for Grade 2 titanium are 890°C (1635°F) for alpha and 913°C (1675°F) for beta.
Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium seamless tubes originate from hollow blanks produced through hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing processes, followed by multiple cold rolling stages. These tubes maintain continuous perimeters throughout all manufacturing stages. The process includes: titanium sponge vacuum arc melting, ingot blanking to obtain hollow blanks, cleaning, cutting, feeding, hot extrusion or oblique rolling plus piercing, degreasing, drying, cutting, online annealing and straightening, pickling, multiple cold rolling, degreasing, drying, vacuum annealing, straightening, cutting, pickling, final inspection, marking (DAXUN), and packaging.
Grade 2 Titanium Welded Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium welded pipes are crafted from annealed flat-rolled steel plates or strips using an automatic TIG welding process. The production stages encompass: uncoiling titanium plates, shearing, butt welding, cleaning, pipe forming, TIG welding, eddy current testing, pre-sizing, annealing, precision reducing and sizing, straightening, eddy current testing, caliper marking, cutting, ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, final inspection, and packaging. Welded pipes undergo stress relief heat treatment post-formation and welding. Daxun refrains from using filler materials during welding.
Grade 2 Titanium Tube (UNS R50400 / Werkstoff WS 3.7034) The Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Tube, offered by Jiangsu Daxun Alloy Co., Ltd., is the quintessential choice for industrial applications, harmonizing moderate strength with impressive ductility. This remarkable tube excels in corrosion resistance, thriving in both highly oxidizing and slightly reducing environments, including chlorides. It is indispensable in the chemical and offshore sectors, as well as in aerospace manufacturing, where superior strength and formability are paramount. Additionally, it serves critical roles in heat exchangers, hypochlorite systems, fire water systems, ballast water systems, industrial and aerospace components, CPI equipment, and piping solutions.
Fabrication
Titanium Grade 2 exhibits exceptional responsiveness to cold forming with conventional techniques. Machining this alloy is straightforward; however, it requires meticulous attention to tool sharpness and ample coolant use. Similar to machining austenitic stainless steels, the process demands deep and continuous cuts at slow feed rates and speeds.
Stock Availability
Jiangsu Daxun Alloy Co., Ltd. maintains an extensive inventory of CP 2 Grade Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipes, available in a versatile range of sizes to meet diverse industrial needs.
Weight Reduction
CP 2 Grade Titanium Tubes are characterized by their low density and high strength-to-weight ratio, making them ideal for weight-sensitive applications without compromising structural integrity. These tubes are cold formable, exhibit excellent ductility, and can be welded using standard TIG and MIG processes, with inert gas shielding to avoid weld zone embrittlement.
Crystal Structure
At room temperature, ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium tube possesses an alpha (hexagonal close-packed) crystal structure, akin to commercially pure titanium grades 1 and 3. At approximately 885°C (1625°F), it transitions to a beta (body-centered cubic) structure. This transformation temperature can be modulated by the presence of impurities or alloying elements, which also delineate two distinct temperature zones: the alpha transformation zone (entirely alpha below this zone) and the beta transformation zone (entirely beta above this zone). Between these temperatures, both alpha and beta phases coexist. For Grade 2 titanium, typical alpha and beta transformation temperatures are 890°C (1635°F) and 913°C (1675°F), respectively.
Grade 2 Titanium Seamless Pipe Manufacturing Process
At Jiangsu Daxun Alloy Co., Ltd., ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium seamless tubes are meticulously crafted from hollow blanks via hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing, followed by successive cold rolling stages. The seamless tubes maintain continuous perimeters throughout the manufacturing process. The production stages include: sponge titanium vacuum arc melting, ingot blanking to obtain hollow blanks, cleaning, cutting and feeding, hot extrusion or oblique rolling and piercing, degreasing, drying, cutting, online annealing and straightening, pickling, multiple cold rolling, degreasing, drying, vacuum annealing, straightening, cutting, pickling, final inspection, marking (DAXUN), and packaging.
Grade 2 Titanium Welded Pipe Manufacturing Process
Daxun's ASTM B338 Grade 2 titanium welded pipe is crafted from annealed flat-rolled steel plate or steel strip using an automated arc welding (TIG) process. The primary production steps encompass: titanium plate uncoiling, shearing, butt welding, cleaning, pipe forming, TIG welding, eddy current testing, pre-sizing, annealing, precision reducing and sizing, straightening, eddy current testing, caliper marking, cutting, ultrasonic testing, hydrostatic testing, final inspection, and packaging. Each welded pipe undergoes at least one stress relief heat treatment post-forming and welding. Daxun ensures that no filler materials are used during the welding process.
Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Pipe - Grade 5 Titanium TubeTitanium Alloy - (UNS R56400)
Introduction
DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 (UNS R56400) stands out as the most popular titanium alloy in the market. This versatile duplex alpha+beta titanium alloy utilizes aluminum to stabilize the alpha phase and vanadium to stabilize the beta phase. Renowned for its high strength, this alloy performs exceptionally even at low temperatures around 800°F (427°C). The ATI Ti-6Al-4V, Grade 5 alloy finds extensive use in applications requiring annealing, solution treating, and aging. Key applications include compressor blades, disks, and rings for jet engines; fuselage and space capsule components; pressure vessels; *** cases; helicopter rotor hubs; fasteners; and high-strength-to-weight ratio critical forgings.
Initially, the alloy undergoes melting through advanced techniques such as vacuum arc (VAR), electron beam (EB), or plasma arc hearth melting (PAM). The remelting process is executed in one or two steps using vacuum arc technology.
Specifications
• ASTM B338 - Standard for Heat Treatable Titanium Tubes
• AMS 4928 - Specifications for Forgings and Forging Stock (Annealed)
• AMS 4965 - Specifications for Forgings (Solution Treated and Aged)
• AMS 4967 - Specifications for Forgings (Annealed, Heat Treatable)
Physical PropertiesTi-6Al-4V Titanium Tube Melting Range: 2,800-3,000°F (1,538 - 1,649°C)
Density: 0.160 lb/in3; 4.47 g/cm3
Beta Transus Temperature: 1830°F (± 25°); 999°C (± 14°)
Heat Treatment For applications requiring high hardness, tensile strength, and fatigue strength, the material is annealed at 1,700-1,900°F (927 - 1,038°C).
DAXUN 6-4 Grade 5 Titanium Tube can be subjected to various heat treatments.
1. Annealing: Conducted at 1,275 -1,400°F (691 - 760°C) for ½ to 2 hours, followed by air or furnace cooling.
2. Stress Relief Annealing: Conducted at 1,000 -1,200°F (538 - 649°C) for 1 to 8 hours, followed by air or furnace cooling.
3. Solution Heat Treating: Conducted at 1,675 -1,750°F (913 - 954°C) for 1 hour, followed by water quenching.
4. Aging: Conducted at 975 -1,025°F (524 - 552°C) for 4 to 8 hours, followed by air cooling.
Optimum Properties Optimal properties are achieved with small cross sections and rapid quenching in the solution-treated and aged condition. Larger cross sections or delayed quenching may result in suboptimal properties.
HardnessThe typical hardness in the annealed condition is Rockwell C 30-34. In the solution-treated and aged condition, the hardness ranges around Rockwell C 35-39.
Forgeability/Formability DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube is forged at 1,750°F (954°C), with a final forging temperature of 1,450°F (788°C). To achieve optimal results, a reduction of at least 35% is recommended.
DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, Grade 5 Titanium Tube exhibits difficulty in forming at room temperature, even when annealed. Severe forming operations, such as bending or stretching, should be performed on the annealed material at temperatures up to 1,200°F (649°C) to maintain mechanical properties. Creep forming is suitable for hot sizing or forming at temperatures ranging from 1,000 to 1,200°F (538 to 649°C).
Exceptional Machinability The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, also known as Grade 5 Titanium Tube, boasts remarkable machinability. It can be expertly machined using techniques designed for austenitic stainless steels. Employing slow speeds, high feeds, and ensuring robust tool rigidity, along with generous amounts of non-chlorinated cutting fluids, ensures precise and efficient machining.
Superior Weldability The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, or Grade 5 Titanium Tube, is highly weldable in both annealed and solution-treated conditions, as well as partially aged states.
Post-weld heat treatment brings about the aging process. To maintain the integrity of the weld, strict measures must be taken to prevent contamination by oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Fusion welding can be performed within an inert gas-filled chamber or by using an inert gas tail shield to protect the molten metal and adjacent hot zones. Additionally, spot welding, seam welding, and flash welding can be carried out without requiring a protective atmosphere.
Critical Special Considerations The DAXUN Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Tube, known as Grade 5 Titanium Tube, is susceptible to hydrogen contamination from improper pickling practices and from absorbing oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon during processes such as forging, heat treating, and brazing. This contamination can significantly reduce ductility and negatively impact notch sensitivity and formability. Therefore, utmost caution must be exercised to avoid these risks.
